Wildfire Impact on British Columbia’s Air Quality

With wildfires continuing to rage in parts of British Columbia, air quality is expected to deteriorate significantly, posing risks to the health of residents and visitors alike. Understanding the health implications of wildfire smoke and how to protect oneself is essential for those living in affected areas.

Health Effects of Wildfire Smoke

Wildfire smoke is a complex mixture of gases and fine particles produced by burning trees and other vegetation. The primary health concern associated with wildfire smoke is the fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which are particles that are smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter. These particles can be inhaled deep into the lungs, causing a range of respiratory issues, including coughing, shortness of breath, and exacerbation of asthma or other pre-existing lung conditions. PM2.5 has also been linked to an increased risk of heart attacks, stroke, and premature death in individuals with heart or lung conditions.

In addition to PM2.5, wildfire smoke contains harmful chemicals such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds. These can further exacerbate respiratory problems and irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.

Individuals with underlying health conditions, as well as children, seniors, and pregnant women, are particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of wildfire smoke. People who work outdoors or engage in outdoor activities are also at an increased risk of exposure.

Steps to Protect Your Health

Given the potential risks associated with exposure to wildfire smoke, it’s important to take proactive measures to protect your health. Here are some steps you can take to reduce your risk:

1. Stay Informed: Keep an eye on local air quality reports and pay attention to any advisories or alerts from government agencies, such as Environment Canada. If air quality deteriorates, limit your time outdoors and reschedule outdoor activities.
2. Create a Clean Air Space: Consider creating a clean air space in your home by using a portable air cleaner with a HEPA filter. This can help reduce indoor levels of PM2.5. Ensure that windows and doors are closed, and avoid activities that can generate indoor air pollutants, such as smoking or using candles.
3. Reduce Physical Exertion: When air quality is poor, reduce physical exertion, especially outdoors. Strenuous activities can increase the amount of air you breathe and the amount of pollutants that reach your lungs.
4. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and help your body cope with the effects of smoke exposure.
5. Follow Medical Advice: If you have a pre-existing respiratory or heart condition, consult your healthcare provider for specific advice on how to manage your health during periods of poor air quality.
6. Wear a Mask: If you must go outside, consider wearing a mask, such as an N95 respirator, to reduce your inhalation of fine particles. Be sure to follow guidelines on proper mask fit and usage.
7. Prepare for Longer Durations: With the current wildfire situation, poor air quality may persist for several days. Make sure you have essential supplies on hand, such as medications, water, and non-perishable food, in case you need to stay indoors for an extended period.
8. Protect Vulnerable Populations: Take extra precautions to protect those who may be more vulnerable to the effects of wildfire smoke, including children, seniors, and individuals with health conditions.

While the impact of wildfire smoke on the Lower Mainland is expected to be temporary, it is important to take it seriously and take steps to protect your health. As wildfires become more frequent and intense due to climate change, it’s important for residents of British Columbia and beyond to be prepared for the challenges that come with poor air quality and to work together to mitigate the impact on our health and communities.