Diseases and Disorders
-
Crohn’s and Colitis
Crohn’s disease and colitis, often grouped under the umbrella term ‘inflammatory bowel diseases’ (IBD), represent a significant challenge in the field of gastroenterology. Despite their prevalence and impact, misconceptions and uncertainties about these conditions persist. This article aims to demystify Crohn’s and colitis, delving into their pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and the lived experiences of those affected. At the core, Crohn’s disease and Colitis are chronic conditions characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, they exhibit distinct patterns of inflammation and affected areas. Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the GI tract, from mouth to anus, but commonly targets the end of the small intestine and the…
-
Meningitis Risks, Signs, and Prevention
Meningitis is a serious and often life-altering infection that has the potential to strike anyone, anywhere, and at any time, regardless of age or location. This illness, which affects the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, can lead to an array of severe symptoms and complications that highlight its devastating nature. Affecting over 2.5 million people worldwide each year, meningitis leaves a powerful impact on individuals and families alike, with fatal outcomes in approximately one out of every ten cases. The impact is especially heartbreaking in children under five, who account for nearly half of all meningitis-related deaths worldwide. Surviving meningitis often comes with its own challenges, as roughly…
-
Kidney Disease
The number of Canadians living with kidney disease has been steadily increasing over the years. Currently, an estimated 1 in every 10 Canadians have kidney disease, while it affects as many as 850 million people worldwide. The kidneys are responsible for filtering excess water and waste from your blood and converting it to urine. They’re also responsible for balancing salt and minerals in your body, including calcium, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, in addition to creating red blood cells, controlling blood pressure, and strengthening bones. However, when you have kidney disease, this means that your kidneys cannot properly filter blood in the way it should be. Over time, this can lead…
-
Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada
Canada has one of the highest case rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the world. A staggering 1 in 140 Canadians are living with some form of IBD, whether it be Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. This translates to approximately 300,000 Canadians currently managing the daily challenges posed by these chronic conditions. Alarmingly, the number of Canadians with IBD is expected to rise to 400,000, roughly 1% of the population, by 2030. Understanding Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inflammatory bowel disease is an umbrella term used to describe disorders that involve chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The two main types of IBD are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. While both…
-
Hypertension and its Impact on Health
Today, May 17th, is World Hypertension Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about hypertension and its impact on health. Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, affects as many as 6 million Canadian adults, representing 19% of the adult population. Alarmingly, of those 19%, approximately 17% are unaware of their condition, which underscores the importance of recognizing and managing this health issue. Hypertension is frequently dubbed the “silent killer” because it often presents no symptoms until significant damage has occurred, making it crucial to stay vigilant and informed about this condition. So what is hypertension, exactly? Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood pumped from the heart…
-
Living with MS in Canada
Canada is recognized as having one of the highest rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) globally, with an estimated 90,000 Canadians currently living with this debilitating disease. The gravity of the situation becomes apparent when considering that, on average, 12 Canadians are diagnosed with MS every single day. This chronic illness predominantly affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 49, marking the beginning of a lifelong struggle against its unpredictable and often progressive nature. Multiple sclerosis is a complex neurological disorder that targets the central nervous system, encompassing the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. Classified as an episodic disability, MS is characterized by its varying severity and duration of…
-
Spondyloarthritis
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a complex and chronic inflammatory condition that can significantly impact your quality of life. As a physician, it’s essential for me to break down this condition into digestible pieces so that you, as a patient, can understand what you’re dealing with and how to manage it effectively. At its core, SpA refers to a cluster of chronic inflammatory diseases that share common features, both clinically and genetically. These conditions typically manifest with pain and stiffness primarily affecting the back but can also involve other areas of the body, such as the knees, hips, eyes, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Central to understanding SpA is recognizing its immune-mediated nature.…
-
Functional Neurological Disorder
Understanding Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) necessitates a journey into the complexities of how our bodies and brains communicate. This condition, intricate in its nature, affects the nervous system’s functionality, specifically in how the brain and body send and receive signals. In essence, something goes awry in this communication network, leading to a plethora of symptoms that defy easy categorization under known diseases. FND is multifactorial, meaning it can be sparked by a variety of risk factors, both physical and psychological. These contributing elements can intertwine in a manner that makes it challenging to pinpoint a single cause. The resulting symptoms are undeniably real and can significantly impact an individual’s quality…
-
Managing Spring Asthma
As the first buds of spring begin to appear, many Canadians find themselves looking forward to spending more time outdoors, enjoying the warmer weather. However, for individuals with asthma, the changing seasons can bring about a set of challenges that can affect their ability to enjoy this time of year fully. Spring asthma, as it is commonly referred to, is a condition where asthma symptoms become more pronounced or worsen due to a variety of seasonal triggers. These triggers include pollen from trees, grasses, and flowers, which are abundant in the spring months, as well as changes in temperature and air quality that can accompany the shift from winter to…
-
Understanding Autism’s Diversity
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a spectrum of conditions that manifest in varied challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviours, speech, and nonverbal communication, autism’s prevalence is notably significant, with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimating its impact on approximately 1 in 36 children and 1 in 45 adults in the United States. This statistical representation underscores the pervasive nature of ASD, highlighting its indiscriminate presence across demographic boundaries of sex, age, race, or ethnicity. Yet, beneath these numbers lies a profound diversity in the lived experiences of autistic individuals, each presenting a unique constellation of strengths and challenges. This diversity is not only a hallmark of autism…
